Sam'al was the capital of a Neo-Hittite i.e. Aramaen kingdom from about Xth century to VIIth century BC. It is situated on the western side of the valley at the Amanus Mountains.
Bibliography:
- http://www.academia.edu/351024/Settlement_History_and_Urban_Planning_at_Zincirli_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk_Southern_Turkey
- http://zincirli.uchicago.edu/
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- op.cit, s. v. Zincirli Höyük
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