Ancient Hawar was a small trading post and caravan station in the Transjordan kingdom of Edom, in the Hismâ Desert in southern Jordan ca 40 kilometres S of Petra. The city was founded in there by Nabatean King Aretas III (87-52 BC). In 106 AD the Nabatean Kingdom became the Roman Province of Arabia and shortly thereafter a 500 person Roman fort was built.
See:
- John Peter Oleson, Khairieh ’Amr, Robert Schick, The Humeima Excavation Project: Preliminary Report of the 1991 Season, " Echos du monde classique: Classical views, vol. 36 no. 2, 1992, pp. 137-169.
- Oleson et al. : Preliminary Report of the Humayma Excavation Project 1993, Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 37 , 1993, pp. 461-502
- Oleson et al. : Preliminary Report of the Humayma Excavation Project 1993, Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 39 , 1995, pp. 317-354
- John P Oleson, Khairieh Amr, Rebecca M Foote, M Barbara Reeves, and Robert Schick, Preliminary Report of the al-Humayma Excavation Project, 1995, 1996, 1998, Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 43 1999, pp. 411- 450 - http://www.academia.edu/34203738
- http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/Humeima.html
- http://nabataea.net/humeima.html
- John P. Oleson, M. Barbara Reeves, and Rebecca M. Foote: Nabataean, Roman Byzantine,and EarlyIslamic Site of Humayma: A Look Back on three Decade sof Research, ASOR Volume 27.1 Summer 2015 - https://www.acorjordan.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs/ACOR%20Newsletter%20Vol.%2027.1.pdf