Bintepeler Lydian necropolis located near the ancient city of Sardes. It was built during the First Age, about the 6th and 7. The Tumulus of Alyattes, son of King Kresus, with a diameter of 355 meters, a height of 69 meters and a circumference of 1115 meters, is the biggest and most dominating of all the tumuli in the Sardes necropolis. The burial chamber already looted in antiquity was discovered by the Prussian ambassador Ludwig Peter Spiegelthal,.
Herodotus` description: There are not many marvellous things in Lydia to record, in comparison with other countries, except the gold dust that comes down from Tmolus. But there is one building to be seen there which is much the greatest of all, except those of Egypt and Babylon. In Lydia is the tomb of Alyattes, the father of Croesus, the base of which is made of great stones and the rest of it of mounded earth. It was built by the men of the market and the craftsmen and the prostitutes. There survived until my time five corner-stones set on the top of the tomb, and in these was cut the record of the work done by each group: and measurement showed that the prostitutes' share of the work was the greatest. All the daughters of the common people of Lydia ply the trade of prostitutes, to collect dowries, until they can get themselves husbands; and they themselves offer themselves in marriage. Now this tomb has a circumference of thirteen hundred and ninety yards, and its breadth is above four hundred and forty yards; and there is a great lake hard by the tomb, which, the Lydians say, is fed by ever-flowing springs; it is called the Gygaean lake. Such then is this tomb.
- Herodotus, The Histories, Book I, chapter 93
- Ignaz Franz Maria von Olfers, Über die lydischen Königsgräber bei Sardes und den Grabhügel de Alyattes nach dem Bericht des K. General-Consuls Spiegelthal zu Smyrna, Berlin Dümmler 1859 - https://books.google.pl/books?id=VkQXAAAAYAAJ&printsec
- http://www.sardisexpedition.org/tr/essays/about-bin-tepe
- Robert Ker Porter, Travels in Georgia, Persia, Armenia, Ancient Babylonia, London, Longman 1821, p. 19
- http://www.persee.fr/doc/anatv_1013-9559_1993_act_3_1_886
- Nancy A. Winter: "The Greek Background for Archaic Architectural Terracottas of Central Italy." In Deliciae Fictiles. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Central Italic Architectural Terracottas at the Swedish Institute in Rome, 10-12 December 1990, edited by E. Rystedt, Ö. Wikander, and C. Wikander 1993, pp. 17-20.
- Cristina Luke, and C.H. Roosevelt , Memory and Meaning in Bin, the Lydian Cemeteryof the ‘Thousand Mounds’; in: Ute Kelp and Olivier Henry (Eds.), Tumulus as Sema. Space, Politics, Culture and Religion in the First Millenium BC , Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2016, 407–428
- I. Ozgur, Der sog. Alyattes-Tumulus in Sarde, in: Thetis Band 18, Mannheim 2011, pp. 9-30
- Greenewalt, Crawford H., Marcus L. Rautman, and Recep Meriç. “The Sardis Campaign of 1983.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. Supplementary Studies, no. 24 (1986): 1–30. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20066657.